ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To report a case of herpes simplex virus retinitis following ChadOx1 nCoV-19 (covishield) vaccination. CASE REPORT: A 29 year old immunocompetent male presented with unilateral disc edema with adjacent retinitis two days after receiving the first dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination. Extensive investigations to rule out infective etiology were negative except for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the vitreous specimen which was positive for the herpes simplex virus. A diagnosis of herpes simplex (HSV) retinitis post covid vaccination was made. The patient responded well to oral antivirals and steroids. CONCLUSION: HSV retinitis is a rare complication following the COVID-19 vaccination.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 Vaccines , COVID-19 , Herpes Simplex , Retinitis , Adult , Humans , Male , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 , COVID-19/prevention & control , COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects , Herpes Simplex/diagnosis , Herpes Simplex/drug therapy , Retinitis/chemically induced , Retinitis/diagnosis , RNA, Viral , SARS-CoV-2 , Simplexvirus , Vaccination/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Purpose: Herein, we report a case of bilateral neuroretinitis and panuveitis in a patient recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Case presentation: A 37-year-old male patient with a history of recovered COVID-19, which was confirmed with nasopharyngeal reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), about one-month ago was referred with one-week history of bilateral severe vision loss. Visual acuity was counting fingers, and bilateral retinitis and panuveitis were revealed in ocular examination. The result of the vitreous sample using RT-PCR was positive for SARS-CoV-2 and negative for Herpesviridae viruses and mycobacterium tuberculosis. The patient was successfully treated with corticosteroid.Conclusion: We report a case of bilateral neuroretinitis and panuveitisin a recovered COVID-19 patient and positive RT-PCR of the vitreous sample. It is suggested to apply intraocular sampling and evaluation for COVID-19 in patients with the new-onset of uveitis and/or retinitis during the pandemic.
Subject(s)
COVID-19/complications , Eye Infections, Viral/etiology , Panuveitis/etiology , RNA, Viral/analysis , Retinitis/etiology , SARS-CoV-2/genetics , Visual Acuity , Adult , COVID-19/epidemiology , Eye Infections, Viral/diagnosis , Eye Infections, Viral/virology , Fluorescein Angiography/methods , Fundus Oculi , Humans , Male , Pandemics , Panuveitis/diagnosis , Panuveitis/virology , Retina/pathology , Retinitis/diagnosis , Retinitis/virology , Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods , Uvea/pathologyABSTRACT
A 42-year-old male patient presented with profound impairment of vision in both eyes, just as he was recovering from COVID-19. A known diabetic and hypertensive, he suffered from COVID-19 pneumonia further complicated by ARDS, septicaemia and acute kidney injury. His vision on presentation was finger counting close to face bilaterally with multiple, yellowish lesions at the posterior pole. Based on the clinical findings and previous blood culture report, it was diagnosed as candida retinitis and treated with oral and intravitreal anti-fungals. The lesions were regressing at follow-up. This is a post COVID-19 presumed candida retinitis case report.
Subject(s)
COVID-19/diagnosis , Candidiasis/diagnosis , Eye Infections, Fungal/diagnosis , Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis , Retinitis/diagnosis , SARS-CoV-2 , Administration, Oral , Adult , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Candidiasis/drug therapy , Candidiasis/microbiology , Eye Infections, Fungal/drug therapy , Eye Infections, Fungal/microbiology , Fluconazole/therapeutic use , Humans , Intravitreal Injections , Male , Opportunistic Infections/drug therapy , Opportunistic Infections/microbiology , Retinitis/drug therapy , Retinitis/microbiology , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Visual Acuity/physiology , Voriconazole/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Ophthalmologic nvolvement in SARS-CoV-infected patients is variegated. One of the ophthalmologic pathologies is optic neuritis. Optic neuritis in SARS-CoV-infected patients may precede the classical pulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 and can be unilateral or bilateral. Optic neuritis has been repeatedly reported in COVID-19 patients and may occur with or without affection of other cranial nerves. Since cerebro-spinal fluid parameters can be abnormal in COVID-19 associated optic neuritis, these patients require a spinal tap. Before diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 associated optic neuritis various differentials need to be excluded. Since SARS-CoV-2 causes endothelial damage complicated by thrombus formation and thromboembolism, ophthalmologic vascular complication due to an infection with SARS-CoV-2 such as anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION), central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO), and retinal vein occlusion need to be excluded. CRAO may result from arterial hypertension, myocarditis, heart failure, Takotsubo syndrome, atrial fibrillation, or atrial flutter, frequent cardiac complications of COVID-19. Since CRAO can be accompanied by ischemic stroke, patients with SARS-CoV-2 associated optic neuritis need to undergo a cerebral MRI.
Subject(s)
COVID-19/complications , Eye Infections, Viral/diagnosis , Optic Neuritis/diagnosis , Retinal Diseases/diagnosis , Retinal Vessels/pathology , Retinitis/diagnosis , SARS-CoV-2 , Aged , Blindness/diagnosis , Blindness/virology , Diagnosis, Differential , Eye Infections, Viral/virology , Female , Humans , Optic Neuritis/virology , Retinal Diseases/virology , Retinal Vessels/virology , Retinitis/virologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: We documented an older female with Coronavirus(CoV) Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and concomitant acquired monocular blindness. We examined this phenomenon in order to understand COVID-19 better. METHODS: We observed an older female with COVID-19 and concomitant acquired monocular blindness. The following indicators were monitored during the course of the disease: ocular examinations, flash visual evoked potential examination, a blood test for COVID-19 IgM antibodies, as well as nasopharyngeal swab and tear sample tests for COVID-19 nucleic acid. RESULTS: The patient's visual acuity for the left eye was NLP and the intraocular pressure was 51 mmHg. Keratic precipitates similar to mutton-fat were spread over the corneal endothelium of the left eye. The funduscopic examination of the patient's left eye revealed severe retinal arterial ischemia, and the color of the retina was off-white. Compared to the right eye, the flash visual evoked potential examination revealed a moderate decrease in P2 wave amplitude for the left eye. A blood test was positive for COVID-19 IgM antibodies, and a nasopharyngeal swab test taken for COVID-19 nucleic acid was positive on May 4, 2020. A sample of the patient's tears was taken, and the nucleic acid test for COVID-19 was still positive two weeks later. CONCLUSIONS: Our study was the first to find that acute viral retinitis could occur in patients with COVID-19 and severe blindness could be associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore, physicians should consider the possibility of coronavirus infection in patients with an abnormal fundus or suddenly vision loss.
Subject(s)
Blindness/diagnosis , COVID-19/diagnosis , Eye Infections, Viral/diagnosis , Retinitis/diagnosis , SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification , Aged , Blindness/virology , COVID-19/virology , COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Testing , COVID-19 Serological Testing , Evoked Potentials, Visual/physiology , Eye Infections, Viral/virology , Female , Fluorescein Angiography , Humans , Immunoglobulin M/blood , Photic Stimulation , Retina/physiopathology , Retinitis/physiopathology , Retinitis/virology , SARS-CoV-2/genetics , SARS-CoV-2/immunology , Visual AcuityABSTRACT
Tuberculous neuroretinis, a relatively rare manifestation of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, is characterized by optic disc edema, peripapillary and macula swelling, with hard exudates forming a partial or complete 'macular star' While the disease may present a diagnostic challenge for Ophthalmologists, prognosis is usually good, with proper management. The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has presented a healthcare delivery dilemma in many parts of the world, with poor accessibility to, and under-utilization of, important healthcare services by non-COVID-19-related cases. Herein is a report of a case of tuberculous neuroretinitis in Lagos, Nigeria, whose care was negatively impacted by the ongoing pandemic through the combined factors of the interruption of clinical services during the lockdown, patient avoidance of healthcare facilities and the absence of robust telehealth services. These all culminated in the delayed institution of therapy which may be responsible for the poor visual outcome of no-light-perception.